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We don't even know for sure how a BB travels in a barrel, much less how to effectively enhance a BB trajectory beyond bore and hop-up consistency.
An accepted theory is the BB floating center with an air cushion. Another popular theory is that the BB rides the ceiling of the barrel.
The R-Hop, as well as this barrel work on the second theory. Widebores are better because the BB often bounces a bit from the ceiling because of particles, irregularities in both the bore and BB, and if the floor is too close to the ceiling, the BB will hit the floor instead of simply going back to the ceiling.
The groove at the beginning creates an air pressure pushing the BB up. A few people at ASM are/were experimenting with barrel grooves cut on the entire length of the barrel to assist the BB in riding the barrel smoothly.
Just a small precision to ThunderCactus: Tightbores do foul faster, but when you're to the point where the fouling causes problem, your accuracy was already beyond screwed, and you shouldn't have reach this point.
(The previous post is a condensed summary of my personal understanding. I may well be wrong, but I'm not until proven otherwise.)
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